Understanding how fire sprinklers work is not only crucial for fire safety professionals. Every homeowner and tenant needs this knowledge. Let’s look at this mechanism together and find out how a fire sprinkler works in your property.
How does fire sprinkler work? Well, fire sprinkler operation depends on the heat. Every sprinkler reacts to high temperatures, but not all the sprinkler heads react at the same time. Only the one closest to the source of the heat activates first and sprays water under pressure. This way, the flames get caught and the entire room doesn’t end up flooded.
And yet, how do fire sprinkler heads work? In short, they work locally: the system doesn’t open all the heads at once, but only those that are close to the risk.
How Are Fire Sprinklers Activated?
The sprinkler mechanism operates thanks to a heat-sensitive element. Most models use:
- A glass bulb with a liquid that expands when heated;
- A fusible link that melts when heated as well.
The element (whatever it is) collapses as soon as the temperature reaches up to 165°F. This releases the valve. The pressurized water then immediately rushes out. This, as you can see, results in a fast and precise response to a fire.
Water Supply and Deactivation of Fire Sprinklers
How Fire Sprinkler Water Supply Works
Important note here: a water source connection is usually a must. City mains is the best option for residential homes. Larger facilities, in their turn, often have tanks and pumps. The water is piped and pressurized. Pressure ensures that a triggered sprinkler will release the spray instantly.
Steps for Deactivation After Sprinklers Work
After activation, it is necessary to manually deactivate the system:
- shut off the main valve;
- drain the section;
- replace tripped heads;
- have the system inspection by a certified contractor such as FirePro Tech in CA.
Types of Fire Sprinkler Systems
Wet Pipe Sprinkler Systems
This is a super popular type of a fire sprinkler mechanism. How do fire sprinkler heads work here? As we described just above. The pipes are constantly filled with water. When the head is triggered, the liquid is immediately spurted out. It is a perfect choice for residential buildings.
Dry Pipe Sprinkler Systems
What’s the main difference between wet pipe and dry pipe sprinklers? In this case, the pipes are full of air (or nitrogen sometimes). No water before the heat. The dry valve opens because of the heat and releases water. So, there is a slight 2-sec delay.
Components of Fire Sprinkler Systems
Sprinkler Heads
They are the central elements of the system. There are pendant, upright, and sidewall heads. Each has a sprinkler to spray water evenly.
Water Pipes
These pipes carry water to each head. Material can differ due to the type of the facility: it can be steel or copper. Sometimes they use CPVC for residential homes.
Main Control Valve
This regulates the water supply to the mains. Always keep it open! And, of course, remember you should protect it against unauthorized shut-off.
Fire Alarm System
Almost any modern fire sprinkler mechanism comes with an alarm monitoring system: as soon as activated, an alarm sounds. This alarm sends a message to the fire department and triggers an alert for the people inside the building.
What Happens if Fire Sprinklers Work Accidentally?
Sometimes fire sprinkler operation can be a little bit off. But there is always a reason! Here, for example, are the main causes:
- extreme heat from equipment or construction work;
- mechanical damage to the head;
- faulty installation.
What should you do in such a case? First, shut off the water as soon as you can. Your second step is calling a contractor, such as FirePro Tech, and fixing the moisture while waiting for them.
What to Do if Fire Sprinklers Don’t Work Properly?
If the head has not worked properly in a fire, it is extremely dangerous. Usually the problem lies in a clog or incorrect temperature rating. It’s really easy to fix. But sometimes it’s in valve malfunctions and we have to replace it. The best way to avoid this is regular maintenance with a professional contractor.
Best Practices for Fire Sprinkler Installation and Maintenance
How do fire sprinklers work without interruptions? Checklist! Mentally check the boxes if you:
- Install only with licensed contractors;
- Perform annual/five year inspections;
- Do not cover heads with furniture or decorations;
- Can easily say where the main valve is.
Common Fire Sprinkler Myths Debunked
Myth number one: the heat triggers all heads at once. But that’s obviously not true. As you already know, only the one that is heated can be active.
Another myth is that smoke can trigger the system. In reality, smoke has no effect on anything. The sprinkler reacts solely to heat.
And third, people often say water is more harmful than fire. But actually water consumption in this case is minimal. And the best part of it is that it localizes the fire faster than fire hoses.
Conclusion: Why Understanding How Do Fire Sprinklers Work Matters
Now you know how fire sprinklers work and what elements affect their reliability. These systems save lives and reduce fire damage. But their effectiveness depends directly on proper installation and regular maintenance.
By the way, you can find them among our services. What you need is just to call at (818) 860-0166 and find out the workload of our techs. And while you’re listening to the dial tone on your phone, we invite you to subscribe to our Facebook and Instagram. Let’s be friends and figure out how does fire sprinkler work together.